How often should IACS risk assessments ideally be conducted?

Conducting IACS risk assessments annually or when significant changes occur is aligned with best practices for maintaining cybersecurity in Industrial Automation and Control Systems. Regular assessments help in identifying new risks and vulnerabilities that may arise due to technological advancements, changes in the operational environment, or emerging threats in the cybersecurity landscape.

Annual assessments allow organizations to systematically review their security posture, evaluate the effectiveness of existing security measures, and make informed decisions about necessary updates or improvements. Additionally, conducting assessments after significant changes—such as updates to hardware, software, or processes—ensures that any new risks introduced by these changes are promptly identified and addressed.

This approach balances thoroughness with practicality, establishing a proactive rather than reactive stance towards cybersecurity. It also supports compliance with standards like ISA/IEC 62443, which emphasize the importance of ongoing risk management as part of a robust defense strategy in operational technology environments.