Name one typical threat type that IACS systems may face.

Malware is a well-recognized type of threat that Industrial Automation and Control Systems (IACS) may face. These systems are increasingly interconnected, making them susceptible to various cyber threats, with malware being a significant concern. Malware can take many forms, including viruses, worms, and ransomware, and is often designed to disrupt operations, steal sensitive data, or facilitate unauthorized access to system components.

One of the primary reasons malware is a typical threat is due to its capability to exploit vulnerabilities within software and firmware used in IACS. As these systems often rely on specific configurations and legacy components that may not receive regular updates, they can become prime targets for cybercriminals aiming to deploy malicious software to disrupt industrial processes or gain control over operations.

While other threat categories, such as natural disasters, human error, and power outages, impact IACS, they do not fit the typical definition of cyber threats as directly as malware does. Malware specifically pertains to cyber security, making it an immediate concern for organizations focused on protecting their IACS from increasingly common and sophisticated cyber-attacks.